Gas-turbine.



Patented Mar. '13, 1917.

H Z E wazzesvse si 3 ,L; ALHAINES.

X GAS TURBINE. APPLICATION FILED OCT- 9. I915. 1,21 9,298. Iatented Mar.13, 1912 L. A. HAINES.

GAS TURBINE; I umcmon mzoocr. 9. ms.

Patented Mar. 13, 1917.

8 SHEET$-SHEET 4.

L.A, HAINES. GAS TURBINE.

APPLICATION men OCT-9.1915.

' vPatented Mar. 13, 1917.

a SHEETS-SHEET 5. \1

L l I f I 7ZZ 62ala7 301125266666 6 7 LTs awa 1%w/ awddgw ZZ7/im L. A.HAINES.

' GAS TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED OCT- 9, I915.

w; f I,

Patnted Mar. 13, 1917.

ssusns-suscrs L A. BARNES {ms Tunings; Armcmou run oer. 9, ms.

Patented Mar. 13, 1917.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 8- I 6 6372 ZZ/ 7" ens-TURBINE.

To all whom it may concern;

Be it"known-that I, LEWIS A. HAINEs, a.

' eitizen ofi the United States, residing at-Columbus; in the county ofFranklin and iState o f Ohio; have invented new and useful Improvem entsin Gas-Turbines, of which the following is a specification. Thisinventionrelates to gas turbines of the internal eombustiofi type ofthan-class wherein a part of the working organization is permitted to'cool down and remain propulsively inactive while another portion of theorganization is'receiving the explosive medium and effectively driving aturbine on a shaftoperatively connected to both parts oi'th'e workingorganization. In gas engines of the turbine class using an explosivemotive-agent a highly heatedeondition of structural "deterioration: ofthe the driving elements ensues and it is essential that thetemperaturebe automatically trolled to reduce as much as possible' the drivingineaiis'with which the highly heated'explosiveegeht comes in'eontaet.gas turbine 0t xthis" type to be eomn ercially eifeetive must bereliably automatiem its operat on, I

\bothlasi'to the alternating driving activity "fthtfopiiosin'g partsofthettnrbine and also as to supply, compression and combustionfjofjtheexplosive medium and the delivery oftheburntexplosive medium to theturbihe elements. The present improved "turbih efisle development oftheturbine dis- """closed closed in my pendingapplication Serial No.829,283,ffiled April 3,1914. The p'resent onstruetion 0i ghs'. tin-,bineemmany the same elements as dis- I ge ding application aforesaid, exceptn the eatnres of improvement hereinafte deified and that thenumber ofcyl- I .p inde'rsis' reduced to five,- out this. reductiondoes notfinthe least affect the operation of the mechanism and the mlinbermay begreater or p less in ace'Qrdanq ;-Y-'with I the a general proportions?of-'*the turbine. In the preseht instance the mechanism for 'auto-,matically governing the operation of the eyltrolle'r o its ihdersandpistons,- and whereby the alternation ofth'e working groups ofeylindersand piston mayberegularly effected'ffrom thepowfer shifts, andwhereby jalso the honaylbe actuated when the 'variation in the on instrneture andhasa-morepositiveopera tion' Thepresentimprovedturb1ne,.while I Specification of Letters Patent.

r the feed o'f'the explosive medium.

d requires, ismaterially simplified LEWIS A. mmns, or comi unus, onto.

rm exited ai. "13, 191] Application filed October 9,1915. ser am stmt.

mainly intended and organized'for alternate operationof grouns ofeylinders, pistons and motive agent or gaui-and-ei'r feedingmecha nisms,is distinguis hed from'my prior 'c'o n' structions in that i; :is f alsoQprablewith a certain number of each of the-groups of-de vices in thetwo cooperating-turbine organ izations at. one and the same'timejso thatthe motive agent may leactive to u certain eirtie twoturbines byconnecting np the electrical mechanism, including the timers, in a.manner whiehwill-be more fully hereinafter explair ed. The improved gasturbine may or may notbe used with 'a' governor mechanism, :1; id it isalso adapted to be. employed as driving fne ansfor an automooile andhaving a part thereof provided with ashaft which may beeranked asinstartingv an autonn ibile, as will, "be readily understood. The improvedgas turbin e'em bodies many features of constructionv and novelcombinations all eonjointly operating to render the entireorganizationefl'eetive in its desired actuatirn'as will be hereinafterImore fully describelin preferred form.

Inthe drawingsq- 1 Figure lis a to plan view, broken may 2- in part andshown =in seetion, ofta gfis tu'r bine embodying the improvedfeatures-of'the 35 invention. a Fig. 2 is h longitudinal yertieelsectlon of one-half of the-imp roved'turbine. f. Fig. 2'? is alongi:.udirialyerticglsectionzof {)he remaining half of theinfpr edgesturine. Fi "i3 is a cross:;ection taken i plan}; i of the line'33,Fig. 23,- and p; I i'eularly V sh owing the coinprassors or pistonsimdycori 1- ncted and eoiiperatii'igm'eehenism therefor.

Fig. 4 a detail;sideeleviitibnofi Qne of-w, the cylinders eons't itutingonejof, the grolibsj of cylinder-sand nf portionfoffthe flange. locatednear the adjacent'turbine i or compressing mechanism showingthelatt'ermechanism in i different position that i'llustrated by Fig. 3. I a Fig.6 is a'horiz intal section taken hrthev plane of the line- (-36, Fig.4,.and larly; showing; the relative position, of} cylinder .totheemaingmr framing adjacent-- to the oneturhine j i I (is a. det si delevationpf onelof the pistons. oitc qmpres Fig. 8 is an end, elevation'of the turbine particularly showing the valve gear or the means forregulating the operation of the motive agent and'air valves and alsothe. controlling mechanism primarily governing the said regulatingmechanism for. the

.valves.

. Fig. 9 is a section taken in, the plane of the line 9-9, Fig. 2.

"Fig. 10 is a top. plan view of a part of the valve'gear or valveregulating mechanism,

parts of the frame being broken away to illustrate the components'ofthis particular mechanism. i

Figs. 1.1 and 1.2 are detail views of'the guide blades constituting theoutlet'means for'the motive agent .from the cylinder pistons orcompressors and cylinders relatively to the turbine. i 1

Figs. 13 and 14: are further detail views ofportions of the valvecontroller and regulator mechanism.

F ig. 15 .is an end elevation of the time and regulator mechanism.

Fig. 16 is a detail top plan view of the.

regulator mechanism, the timer mechanism being disassoclated relativelythereto.-

Fig.1? is a transverse vertical 'sectlon taken in the plane of the line1717, Fig. 15.

' inders and, piston s and a. power shaft, to;

Fig. 18 is a section taken in the plane ofpurpose and freely rotatingwithin annular \vaterjacketextensions .8. Each turbme 6 is arranged inthe present instance for con jointmperation with means for supplying "amotive .agentthereto, or 'with individual organizations comprising aplurality of cyl:

' gather with motive agent jsup'ply devices and controlling timing fendregulating m i m the individual organizations ram. of the, organization"indicated ,as" a' "wholev by: the reference ;ch,aracterA"w11l sufficefor that indicated by the reference being "respectively indicated; bythe reference" characters-,A and Bgja s clearly illustrated by Figs. 2''8J1d '2; A detail descrip- 1. character 13, as-both organizations areofduplicate construction m every=part1cular f ..tural inter-relation as toprovide a positive and reliablejsupport and means .of at-v and eachcomprises a'suitable open frame WOIk9 of such general contour andstructaehment for the several 'instrumentalities w hich'willbe presentlyexplained. This framework 9' will be constructed as 'li' ht I I ians-possible, but of a-Lstrongand dura 1e directalin'ement.-therewith,,said crank'mef nature to resist breakage byordinary gated bearing sleeve 11 suitably'held in con- -nect1 on.withthe frame and provided with a crank 12 loosely engaged by a crank-box Ior disk 13, the inner crank member 14 being 1 cored out or recessed, asat 15, to' provide arotating bearing seatfor the adjacent re-' duced end16 of the turbine or main driving shaft 5. The bearing in the seat 15,\vhlchwv ll hereinafter be termed a rotating bearing, comprises a hardmetal ring or- 'ganization, balls and end thrust disks or plates or theusual appurtenances oflbear ings of this type and similar to the bearingdisclosed in my aforesaid application. The

rotating bearings materially add to the effective operation of theturbine or main driving shaft 5 by taking off the wear and end thrustfrom the opposite ends of said shaft-and also in reducing the frictionon the ends of the shaft to 'a minimum. Each end of the turbine or maindriving shaft '5: v is also formed orv provided with-a pinion 17 held incontinual, mesh with-a gear 18 fast one counter-shaft 19 mounted inantifrictional bearings 20 held by frame pieces power shaft 10 isproperly timed in its op-'- 20 bolted ito'the frame, said counter-shaft"hav ng a p' rmon 2l on the end thereof op- -pos'lte that carrying thegear .18, the pinion erat'ion or rotation relatively 'to the turbine ormain driving shaftfi. The dimensions of the seteral pinions and gearsinterposed betvveeni'the :turbine or main driving shaft j andeach powershaft may be modified or regulated .at 'will in accordance with the reired. spe ed of the power shafts, and-it,

wil be-seen that-the interposition of the 'lie gears between the ends ofthe turbine or -main,driv ing shaft 5 and the cranks 12 0f} the powershafts results inya idirect -and- Iposit-iv operation of .the powershafts. in; a minimized space and withouti iliabilityof fluctuation' ofrotation 'ofsaid shafts. An

other advaln'tage' of 'thefirotatiiig bearings on' the opposite ends oftheturbine shaft 5 Y .1s thesmat'e'mal saving inthe structural ele mentsnecessary for'.-praet-ically mounting 1172c the turbin 'shaft, andall-of the components of these. bearings willbe of ver hard. matal so'as to res st wear and maintain the .c'said,

turbine cor shaftfi to eliminate friction, The. member 12 of feach powershaft 10 effect a -part of the latter shaff fand' 1 'ma'in driving shaft"5* and; -the. turbines 6 in truerunningiposition a vo'Iv'ing in-thesamedirection 'as-the tu 5ine ber 12 being mounted inn suitable opening24- tormed in a. portion of the frame wh ch may be so shaped andconstructed as to ucoomn'iodnte the application thereto of the 10 -t ofthe separate, power-shaft for ouch organization Aund B is to permit the;

turbine or moi-u driving shaft to run .freely at u predetermined highrate of speed and the power shafts at a conespondingly low rate of speedso as to effect it regular and practical operation of the dualmechanisms for controllingiind. regulating the feed, compression,explosion and oomlmstion of the motive agent or medium and to insureconstancy in the forceful. 21.0- cui'mllution and delivery of the motiveagent or medium to the turbines 6, the gearing interposed betwcentheopposite extremities of the turbine main, driving shaft .and the powershafts serving as u. compensating means which will produce a ratio ofspeed "us may lt-ev desired or found necessary in.-

operuting certain mechanisms- With which the improved gas turbine-Judyusedw Radially arranged around each power shaft 10 is aplurality ofcylinders or'shells which in the present instance are shown as five innumber and indicated by the reference character 25, as clearly shown byFigs, 2 and 2*, all. the cylinders being oust together within the adjaec'nt portions of the frame .Eueh cylinder 01' shell is fully open atits inner end and has an outer closing head 26, the several cylindershaving portions of the frame 9 providing inclosing casings 27 thereforwith open spaces 27" therein to provide a writer jacket, uses 28', thewater jackets of all of the cylinders being in oil-'- ciila tingcommunication and also in eommw nication with the water j aoketextensions 8 so that all of the ater jacket-spaces used I pending in theturbine may be regularly supplied with waterirom a suitable connection,sis-at 1 29, and'drained ot any suitable point, it's-at .29", so its tocause .a continual circulation of water around the cylinders and in' theextensions for ohyious reasons, By'tmeuns'of the colnmunicnting wvnterspaces, or the V water jacket, extending fully throughout the-entireframe, the several mechanisms, and particularly, thd'oylinders andpistons,

ore cooled and maintained in fl/IIIOIG' effectiye workingcondition. Theapplication of packing materialorounfd the oylindersor 6 au'lja'cent tothelatter, as fully explained. in my application aforesaid, is not usedinthe present structure. 'E'aohf cylinder head 26 is hollow and formedwith a doiible walhas at 29, the purpose of this latter constructionbeing to prevent radiation of heat from and crank {12 iseiccentrie" with'relution' to' disclosed in 'my pen 1mg; gipphcati'o sand, one of thepision rods ofeiieh:

' i or disk undue heating of each cylinder head by proyiding the somewith a Water jacket which is open to the other W ater spaces around thevar ous parts. Each 'cyhnder head .26. 15 formed with opposite openings30 extending side'wise thereinto in diumetric relation fortheintrodiuztion of sparking plugs, as {it 31, suituhly connected up to amagneto distributing: orgmiizntion similar to that shown in my pendingapplication.- The cup 26 has a centralhore opening into the spaces ,30in which the spnrkiiig plugs are mounted, the inner active extremitiesbfthe sparking plugs or th.e sparking terminalsbeingfdis posed over theouter terminal of-eachbore 32, a Small chamber 0'1. space 33 beingformed in the outer reduced end'of each "load 26 beyond the outer end ofthe bore -32lzind adjocent to the sparking terminals of the 31, so thutthe spmk i ig notion of theplu gs Willhe effective without 'the'leistobstruc-' tion through the bore 32. W'ithin the bore a share orliner'lfll is mounted, undafltlie inner extremity there of are suitable peckingrings 35', the inner terminal otth bore 32 being reduced-,1, at $56; andthe picking rings 35 rest against thoshoulder produced.

by the reduoti iin oi the bone, as clearly shown Figs. 12 aid 2 It willbe seeni,

in the present improved eonstnueti'on' hat the cap 251s relieved of allvulve'meoliunism as Well as air and HM itive agent supplyconnectionsthus essentially redueing or 'mini mizin the'struoturerelu'tively" tothat "dis closed i-mvponc 111;; application herei-nbefore specified and as consequence reducing ioc the cost"oiironstruct onof the turbine as it! whole. In fact, the present" improved turl'nne hasthe parts t hereof minimized Yery 'greuto'xtent relutively' to thethestruc'-' tune disclosed by my pending application -above noted, andtho larger portion of -the 'Workiug'parts is" in closed within thesurrounding shell'offl 4 i i e' complete turbine organizatlon, all ofthe intricate \uilv rand valve operating dewcesl eliibodi'ed nppliclitioi being i entirely d oi-Willi n- "the present improve crank,iind theretoisten ds 37 arei rnov ably attached and 'correspond in number projectI'llflihllY into the i n2;;- open; nd' of the cylinders 25 and aremovilbly c miccedf to the innerextremfties ofpistonsB As' I up has itsnner extremu yfix d to the eran gb ox '12s i i 0 liter ex mity mpiablattached o its" pist in" similarly to; the-re; f

rnaining' pust'in rods and thus" fix n the in n nta ined' in 'tionagainst wabbling or irregular movefor the said disk,

ment and a positive operation of the disk shown' on an enlarged scale byFig. 5, and

provided with suitable it will be seen that the inner extremity of eachpiston is formed as a-h'ollow chamber 39 and is also-provided withtrunnion bearings40 for the trunnion or fulcrum 41 forming theconnection for the giston rod 37, as shown by Figs. 2 and 2 he piston 38is packing rings 42 to form a tight joint within the inner surface ofthe cylinder with whichthe piston re ciprocatingly cooperates. Theouter' extremity of each piston is formed with a combustion chamber-43and.in-'the inner wall 44 of said chamber a' closing plug45 is-insertedby means of a screw-threaded joint and has a projecting stop 46preferably integrally formed therewith and-located cen trally in'thechamber" 43, said being tubular and fully open to the chamberunde'hnorrnal cond'ition s,..as at 47.- The stop projection"46 is inefi'ect provided with a port opening out through the free endthereofgand communicating therewith or interchamber 43 is a'countenport48..

jection 56,- as'clearly "opening, 51: formed1-i11 the valve seat 50 converges. in an outwai'pkl dlrection and the edge secting the said portand openin into the he outer end of the piston 38. is recessed,.as at49, the recess having the 'contour of an inverted cone, and in saidrecessedend a valve seat 50 is secured around a valve-opening 51. The

cap 26 also has in inwardly projecting conical extension or member 52which snugly fits in the recess 49 when the piston rea-c es the-fulllimit of, its outward stroke The.

valveopening' 51 has a. valve'53 arranged to engage. the saiine 'and-the seat the said-valve being providfid'fwithan elongated tubular stem54- frictionally fitted iii the sleeve. or tube 34, and engaging thepacking rings, 35. The inner extremity of extension ormember 52 isshaped 'or has ,a' contour as at similar to-the top pf the-valve 53- sothat the latter may bear closely thereagainst.

The valvesame bus an 'inn er central entension or stop} projection 5'6.which is adapted tocontact with the projection 46,- the-opening throughthe stem. '54 being continued through thelvalii e and thestop' rohownby- Frg. 5.-. .he

i of the valve 53 isj 'correspond-ingly shaped,

and L as athe valve cannot pull through-the valve. setJand "thereforethe saidyalve audits-stem 54 mustinoye'withthe piston 38 on the inwardstroke of the latter; and during such inward stroke the valve 53- isdrawn up tightly against the valve seat 50, as shown by Fig. 5. Ashereinbefore specified, the tubular valve stem 54- has asliding fit inthe sleeve 34, and the friction between the valve stem and. the saidsleeve is strong enough to avoid loose move-- ment of the valve stem andinsure a, tight closing fit of the valve 53 relatively to the seat 50.During" the outward movement oi?" the piston 38 the latter movesslightly in advance of the who-53, as it were the projection 56 of saidvalve contacting'Withthe projection 46 of the plug 45, and thereforeduring the outward movement of the pisston the valve 53 remains open andis moved outwardly thri'mgh the medium of the projection 4-6 inengagement'with the projection 56. Therefore, it will he understood thatwhen the piston moves inwardly the chamber 43 is tightly closed,and-likewise the said chamber is also closed when. the. piston is at thefull limit of its outward stroke and just as-the piston starts to returnon'its inward stroke. The chamber 43is provided with elongated orts ,5?which are adapted to register witli corresponding ports 58 formedin thecylinder 25, as clearly shown in dotted lines by Fig. 5 and also,illustrated in section by Figs. 2 and 2*. The'cap 2-6 is interiorlyaccessible through the' medium of a. top plug 59 and side plugs 60, oneof Whiclris shown in Fig. 5, and by thus con structing the outerextremity of the cap the sleeve or bushing 34 may be'readil-y insertedin the bore 32,' and, moreover, the outer chambered portion of the capis thus made readily accessible for manipulation of all 'the parts asmay be found necessary. The

tubular valve stem 54 is of such length that .When the piston 38 is atthe outward limit of its stroke the upper end of said stemwill extendinto the chamber or' space 33, as shown-by Fig. 5, with the open endofsaid stern adjacent to the sparkingterminals of the.'sparking plugs.The cap'26 as a Whole is suitably secured. iii-place on theframe bymeans of boltsGl, and by removing the said cap the cylinder with whichit c'oopera-tes may be: easily reached. This same structure latter maybeat any time internally; in-

' 'spected.

Adjacent to the outer end of. each organization' an annular motivemedium or ex-. plosive agent chamber .62 15 formed and at is duplicatedin all of thecylinders and the one extremity is provided with' 'an inlet63 adapted tobe attached or connected up to a suitable motive medium oragent supply, it being preferable to use air and gas n properproportions.-- Around the exterior of the end of the frame at each endof the complete turbine-organization is a plu [tality ofpairs ofcylinders 64; and'65 respeccylinders 65 and their .terially smaller thant r pistons 66. The inner extremities of the tively having pistons 66and 67 therein, the

istons 67 being mae cylinders 64 and cylinders are open, the cylinders64 each hating an inner. opening 68 coinciding with an outletopeningqfif) in the outer wall of.

the chambe'rf32 and the'inner ends of the cylinders opening into an airspace 70 which ma t and supp ied with air as may be desired.

The .cy

be an open portion of the frame inders 64 and 65 do not havecommunication and are surrounded by an annular'chamber 71, as clearlyshown by Fig. 1,

both cylinders' having ports 72 opening into. the chamber; and as shownby Fig. 1 the f 'said chamber 71 is materially largerthan the diametersof the cylinders. The chamber 71 is horizontally disposed and hascommunication by means of a port 73 'with x-igthet adjacent combustioncylinder 25, the

goonstructiniarid arrangement of the cylinders (id-311C165 and thechamber 71 be 313g duplicate in relation to 25 each cylinder 25. ac hpiston 66 is hollow and has a piston rod 75 extending inwardly throughthe pchamber 62 andprovided with an inner and 7 6 reciprocatinglymounted in a guide 77, formed in the inner wall of the said chamber62,the piston rod havingasto 78 .to limitthe inward movement thereo Theouter end of the'piston 66 is engaged ,atin to move its piston an 'warlythe full-limit when the piston rod, '75 .is unenga presently exp ."byn*SPIIDQ'TQWhiCh is interposed between end of the :always oper-- the saidpiston and the outer cylinder 64, the said sprin plston rod in ed bymeans which will be ained. The piston lflof the cylinder 65 is similarin construction to the piston in the cylinder- 64, and the said piston67 has apisto'n red 80 connected there;

. to} and movable throt'f gh an inner guide 81 '1 formed iua partofJh-ejframe, the piston .45

rod-80 also having a stop-82 to limit the in ward 'movement thereof.Between the outer end ofwthe pisto '67 and theou'ter end of the cylinder65 a-i.

' operates to" moveit normal ring 83 is interposediand position or sothat the stop 82 will engage the guide 81 and project the inner enof=thexpiston rod 80 within operative adjacent: -to-mechanism forregularly actuatin' he same.- The pistons in the cylinde'rsfi and 65also have ports or openiitilgs 81' in thesidewalls thereof which are arespectivelyieed the motiye agent or explos ve medium from the chamber62'" to the chamber 71'and thence to-the adjacent cylinder 25 by way ofthe port 23, and air ,r'to the chamber 71 and to the cylinder, themotive, agent orgexplosive medium being to vto"the cylinder 25 as justexplained at a time-when" the air feed iscut oil or when e pis'ton 67inwardly into apted to regist'erqwith the ports 72 to the ports 84 ortl1e piston 67 are out of registratlon' rei atively to the ports 72 Underordinary normal operative conditions the pistons 67 m the cylinders 65will not-beg:

operating at the time that the pistons in the cylinders 64 are active,and vice versa, the admission of air to the cylinders 25 bcingat a timewhen the cylinders are cooling oil in the alternate operation of thestwoorganizations, or when one side of the organization is p1 *opulsivelyactive and the opposite side inactive.

The ports 58 of the cylinders 25 open into ing one of these :hainbersfor each cylinder. Each chamber 85 is enlarged, as at 8,6, and passesthrough a partition plate 87= between. the nearest turbine 6 and theadjacent orhorizontal discharge chambers 85, there beganization A or B.-The partition plate circularly follous or conforms'to the circularcontour of the turbine adjacent thereto,

and the enlargei portion of each chamber 86 passes through thesaid-plate in the-form of an elongated arcuate outlet port '88, as

shown by Fight. The chamber 85 has a frame'or covcrir g member 89thereover and extends back to the cylinder, the said frame or covermember being'securcd by draw-bolts 90 engaging oflse-ts 9l-thereof andalso the;

partition plate fii, as shown by F igi :6. This arrangement renders thechamben 8,5 accessible by removn g a portion of the frameato..accominodate the introduction in the chamher adjacent to the outletport 88 01: aguide v 92, shown by Fig. 1 in applied-position and indetail l y Figsrll and 212.1 Each guide 92 comprises a series ofsegmental blades 93 which extend at a :tangent to-'tl1e turbine blades'7and have passages 94 there-u between. The guides are 0 thesame arcuatecontour as the outlet ports 88 and. also correspond with the circularperipheral .Contour of the turbines.- Asshownby-Fig. l,

outer limit of t' 1e ports '88 and as herein-before specified areitocated-inthe-enlarged portions 86 of thejdilischarge chambers 85. Theguides 92 Have supporting plates 195 the blades 93 ter minatecoincidentlywiththe; 1";

which are set into the enlarged portionshi':

of the chambers 85 and secured and heldin place by the 00181 membershereinb'efore explained and by end fastenings or pins,askat 96, theupper ed ges of the blades-having lugs or projections 27 which fit intocorresond-iJ-t ing seats in the cover members of the .rame, and-by thisman ns the guides are firmly held in position and are prevented frommoving or becoming di: iplaced fbyvibration or from other cause. Theinner edges of theplate w 95 of the guides fit fiushly-against theoffsets,

as at 98, which are provided; by the enlargements' 86 oi, the chambers85, asshown by d Figs. 2 and 2 and hence the blades have their intermediate portions exposedito the chambers 85 without any obstructing shoul- 5to those of my pending application aforesaid and consist of alternatelyarranged groups of turbine blades, as shown by Fig.

.1, so as to render the rotation of the shaft" 5 effective andto obtainthe full force of the motive agent delivered to the-said turbine by theblades 93 of the guides 92. After passing between the turbine blades 7the motive agent or medium discharges in an exhaust space or chamber 99between the turbincsand from the latter is taken. off through an outlet100- by any suitable pipe connection, it beingunderstood that the shaft5 extends centrally through the chamber 99 and with the latter isinclosed by an outer intermediate shell or casing 101. which isremovable to give access to the turbines for'repair or. other purposesas may be desired. Each of the blades. 93 of the guide '92 is taperedfrom the center toward opposite ends,so that 'knife edges are providedat the receiving and outlet or discharge terminals of the blades toavoid resistance to movement of the motive agent or medium between theblades" andthus efl'ect a .i-norc rapid discharge relative to theturbine blades 7.

The power shaft 10 of eachorganization- 'or group A and B projectsoutwardly through the center of the end portion of the lbcasing orco'ver plate 113, the outwardly projecting portion of each shaft in thepresent instance extending through a. bearing 102 embodying a collar 102which abuts against a shoulder 10* of the shaft 10, said collar having aflange 102". secured to the bearing 102 as shown. It will. be understoodthat this construction of the bearings 102 provides thrust means incminection with each power shaft 10 with obvious ad- 46- vantages inpreventing longitudinal movement of the shaft.

\Vithin the casing adia-cent tothe end portion thereof an eccen-etric103 is secured on each shaft l0 and-has a screw-threaded collar. 10%engaged byj a held by a tapered key member or bushing. 106 extendinginwardly and obviating any movement ofthe'eccentrie on the shaft andalso operating to securely associate the said eccentric with the shaft.An eccentric ring 107 is mounted on the eccentric 103, and securedthereto-is a. plurality of 'piston rods 108-and109, the'rod 1'09operating as a cen -terin"gmeans or to maintain the ring 107 inproper'working position relatively, to-the eccentricfThe piston rod 109carries a .is-

ton 110 slidablc in a cylinder 111 carrie at the inner end f a trunnionmember 112 en'- .f' tending through a suitable. bearing 113-- fl fi'wh'ich is a part "of the cover plateonen'd vtons loosely engaging thesame, asiclearly correspondingly screw+threadcd sleeve 10:1

saiii lgrunn ion? and;

portion of the casing, as clearly shown by steadying the operationthereof and for the attachment of the piston-rod 109 andtwq of thepiston rods 108, as show-n by-fEi gr-:9. The remaining portion of thering has regularly spaced bearing bosses or lugsllf to which theremaining piston rods 108. are movably connected. Thepiston'rods 108 aredisposed in pa rs, the pairs being connected to opposite ends of thebosses 115 which form bearings and to opposite extremities of 1 theenlargement-111 by means of fulcrum g rods 116 in the form of boltswhich project beyond these bosses or bearings andthecnlarged portion 111 of the eccentricming 107 and have the inner ends of the pairs ofpisshown by.-Figs. 2 and 23 At relativedistances from the eccentric 103and eccentric ring 107 and the piston r0ds 108 isa -pl'uralityof.controlling elementsgtshowmin de-atail particularly by Fig: 14. arid aovation by Fig. 10. These charge 'contr lirigf ele' mcnts each comprisesa supporting 'i'iiein'ber 117 embodying a pair of 'cylinders'118 and 119respectively having'pistons 1'20 and 121' therein to which the pistonrods 108 are connected 'by a. pivotal attachment, as 'at 122. Ext-endingoutwardly from the support 117- is a trunnion 123' freely rotatable in abearing sleeve 124 secured to or formed as a. part of the end portiono-f-the casing, the trunnion123 being reduced to provide an innerannular shoulder 125 to abht against the inner endof the sleeve 124Qtohold each charge controlling element ina fixed operative position oragainst displa'ce- 105 merit. The trunnion 123 is longer thanthc:bearing sleeve 121 and extends outwardly to said support. The support 117 together Wli-ll the cyhnders carried thereby and the trunnion 123move as a unit, or When the trunnion is shifted the cylinders change1)0S1tiOn. The pistons and 12l-"in:the 120 cylinders 118 and 119 areformed with coni cal terminals 126 'and',127, said terminals beingprovided with rounded or ebavix apices and adapted to engagetherinivardly" projecting ends" of the p ston rods 7.5 and 80'.Onthebuter projecting ends of the trunnions 123 and located e zcterioilyof. the end portions of" the casing,' oscillatifi'g or rocking leverBare-secured so thatv the avers unifoi-rn'lyfifiove. 130

Each lever 128 his a long arm 129 and a sl'io1'tera.r1n'-130, asshown'by Figs. 8 and 133 fulcrumed at outer end on a post 134:projecting outwardly from the end portion of the casing; The slidablecore or sole hoid 132 moves inwardly and outwardly through theinner endof the magnet 133 and the latt er isfree to move ina'ccordance with thechange of position of the lever 129 from the I normal condition as shownby Fig; '8" so that g tl1e sole 1ioid"132 will not bind in the magneti2116 119 Lire'bouneeted tosiinilar levers129 "endsnf the pistons 120 and'1211to one side'of The normal oh--' 133. All 'of' the trurmionsj123'witli their supporting niemberscll'l anl'l' ey linders 118-'-itnd"edeh has 1i solenoid 132 and ma'guet'133 eotipe'ratingtherewith.In the position of the parts just explained, shown by Fig. 8, theeylinders and pistons 3.8 are being supplied with the motire'medium oragent,

*or allfof the pistons 120 are in position to "cause ,their' spices toregularly engage in sequence the pr-0 acting 4 ends or extremities 76'oil-the piston rods175 'so. as to admit fchaiges'pf the m'otiveagentfromthe "eham 1 berQZ'by'Way of the chamber 71,to'the cyl index-s 25 andpistons 38', and when the two cylinders-and pistons carried-- thereby,as

-wel1as'the levers 129, solenoids 132 and magtheapices 126 of thepistons 120out of conorganizations A and 'of"thefeom plte turbine; arearranged torun in alternation the trunnions'123, supporting members'117and nets 133 will have been'shifted so as to turn "tacting registrationwith relation to the inweirdly projecting ends 76 of the piston rods 75,and the aipiees 127 of the pistons 121 are then in registration with theinwardly projecting ends of'the piston rods 80 so that air will beadmitted-to the-cylinders 25 of the- .oppos'ingside of the machine orturbine to cool"down theeylinders' and pistons which may" have justpeased' to operateor which have'b'ee'n operat1ng,,and from these'cylimders and pistons n hieha're being cooled the air passes through -theblades 7 of the adjacent' turbines 6 into the" chamber "99 and then offwith the exhaust. When either set of cylinders" 25 is thrownout ofcommissionin alternation and has the motive? agent or medium cut offtherefrom in the manner,

just explained, the solenoids 132 are drawn inwardly from the magnets133 and strike stops'j135'to limit the movement thereof, the

- levers 129 being correspoi-idingly rocked or oseillated' -by theaction of springs 136 at tached to the short ar .to 130 of the" levers129and also .to bosses 137 projecting outwardly from each end portion ofthe easing.

-lherefore, it will be understood that when the solenoids 132 are drawninto the magnets "133 a pulling tension is exerted on the free ends thesprings 136, and when the magfluctuation.

nets 133 are de'eneigized the springs 136 are free to act and force thesolenoids 1.32 111-- wardly until the e1 ids of'thc levers attached tothe solenoids strike the stops 1.35. It will be understood that normallythe piston rods 80 have theirinner ends clear-of operative contact withrelation to the apiees 12101 the pistons 121 cotirdir ated therewith,and these jpistons12O audjlftli are free to expose the conical apiecether eof by reason of the fact that the outeis ends of the cylinders 11Sand 11,9 are ful'lyopen and. when the apices 1211 aIgd127 are throw 1out of contacting alinement ithjtlie, inns rextr'emities of the pistonrods and Ed 11111: said inner ends of these rods are alinedivith aportion of the-outer members 117 and 'iylindeis 118 and 119 are mountedfOIfjIIdlfldllfll movement and are free to act indepe n'dently'or to beindividually caused 'to shit and change the regular sequence ofoperation so that .a' portion of the cylinders2t and pistons38 may havethe motive agent )r medium fed thereto in each group of theorganizations A and B and whereby por;ionsof; the cylinders 25 andpistons 38 miy be simultaneously operating 111 each organization f suchactuation is desired. This simultaneous operation in the twoorganizations A and 'B will be controlled by mam'1al adjustment. Underordinary conditions, however, the groups of cylinders 25 and pistons 38will receive the motive agent or medium in regularsequeuce in eachorganization, the'groups of cylinde'rs and pistons being supplied withthe m'otivfa'gent or-medium in alternation and just prior'to thecompletion of the actuation of the lastnnitof the group that has beenoperating the first unit of the other group is f supplied with themotive agent, and this second g1 on "then eoiitinues in regular sequenceout .1 t ieunits thereof all set and thereby continue the rotation ofthe turbine shaft 5 through Controllers 138 and are used. with thepresent impraved t urhine or motor in a manner similar to the structuredisclosed in my pending application aforesaid, and. these controllersare also of the smne type and haven sin'iilar operation to thosesl w'nby my pending application and are particularly illustrated by Figs. 1.5.16, 17 and 18 sufficiently in detail to demonstrate the means for contrclling the charging of the several main cylinders hereinbefore exthetprbines 6 without ntly pointed out.

stood that between the segmental conductplaincd. Each of thesecontrollers 138 and 139, embodies a half-conducting segment 140 and. ahalf-insulating segment 141 mounted within an inclosure 1453 supportedby a suitable irauie 1-13 held by a bracket 1-.l--1- which is secured toone end. cover or end portion In oi: the casing adjacent to the powerraft. nects with the conducting segment of each controller for a.purpose which will be pres- It will. also be underiug strip .110 of eachcontroller and the casing 149a suitable insulating segment Wlll beinterposed, or the conducting-segment 'will be insulated from theinclosure or casing, as at 148. A common shaft 14'! inounted in suitablysupported bearings 1428 pro same.

jeots'int-o and through the Controllers 138' and 139 in central relationto the latter,

' and on the opposite extremities ofjthis shaft rptatable' contacts 149are mounted, one on each extremity of the shaft, each contact engagingthe segments-1 10 and 141 in altern'ation, both rotatable contacts 149revolving at the. same rate of speed Withthe The contacts 14-) in therespective controllers 138- and 139 are disposed in. re

verse-positions so that when one is in engagemeutwith the segment 140the other will be in engagement wvith the segment' 1-11, and whereby thecontrollers operate inalternation with respect to the groups ofcylinders and pistons 38 con-trolled thereby. The segments-140 and" 141al' ways remain the same as to proportions relatively to any number ofcylinders and pistons that may be used in each organiza- 'tion A'and Bof the turbine, and it will be understood that wlie-n the cylinders andpistous are varied in" number incach group the time of operation of eachcontact 149 willv be correspondingly modihed through the operating meanstherefor. 1n the'present instance the conducting segment 140- is ofsuiiicient lengi-hkto permit all five of the grotups ofcylinders'ahdpistons in each organization A and B to rei'na'in active,provided the-full power of the mohine is required for the load thereon,and irrespective of the load thesparking plugs of the cylinders, whichmay be thrown out of commission by means which will be hereinafterexplained, remain active, as no irregular explosion would occur in thosecylinders and pistons out of commission for the reason that under suchconditions no charges of motive agent will be supplied to the cylindersand pistons whiehare not operating to explode the charges of motiveagent. The shaft 147' is suitably insulated to serve as a. conducting.means for the current from a suitable sourceof electrical generation, asat N; Fig.- 8, and end connecting plugs or .levices 150 are associated Abinding post 1415 con' governor with the improved turbine.'

' ju stment thereof.

with or attached tothe opposite ends of the shaft 147 for supplying the,shaft with electric currentfrom the source of electrical generation, theend connecting plugsor devices being connected to the source ofelectrical generation and in turn -to the contacts M9, the currentbeingtaken from the controllers-by means of the posts 145 from thesegments HOand conveyed to another part of the apparatus which will behereinafter more fully. specified. e rotating contacts 149 will have ayielding action relativelv to, the segments with which they ehgagdduringtheir rotation, and it 1s..pro-

posed to use any. suitable form' of contactdevice withineachcont'roller. ter of the shaft 147 is a worm wheel 151, and insuitable bearings 152 be1ow the said On the cen-' worm Wheel 151 andshaft. 147 a shaft"15'3 '1' is mounted at .right angles to the sbaftl147and carries a. worm 154 which is held in continual mesh with thewormwheel 151.

The shaft-153 is suitably supported by'a part of the frame 148 or by anysuitable extension of the; latter, suchas a bracket,

as showinnnd is provided with a small .pul-

ley 155 over wh ch a belt may betrained and-also over another operatingmeans con sisting of another pulley 156, as; shown by,

Il%S-. 2 and 2. I The beltconnecting these plrlcys' 155 and156;.isnot1shown, asany, preferred device of this type may .be usedfol-the purpose, the 'object'being solely to drive. the shaft 153 at thesame rate of speed as each power shaftflto which it is connected. QMounted in an upper .extension of the frame143 and in suitable bearings157 are longitudinallya-lined shafts held within an adjusting sleeve 159so that when said sleeve isoscillated the shafts- 158 will becorrespondingly movedsor partially rotated, and the' sleeve 159 may beoperated to move the'shafts 158 manually by means of an arrh'IGO'c'arrying a terminal yoke 161 "to which a-pull rod or analogousdevice 162 may be connected,- or the said yoke .161- may 158 havingtheir inner ends abutting and be secured to a part. of a governor by anysuitable means when-it is desired to use a armor lever-160 and thesleeve 159 are inas havin a boss, or the sleeve 159,. which is bored tofit the shafts 158, forms a part" vofthe said arm orlever. The shafts158 the center so asto allow independent adturbine is used for instanceon -an automobile or for drivingwhiclias, the pull device or rod thatmay beattached toithc The-boss or sleeve 159' is secured to the shafts158 by dowel or set" pins 159", as shown by Fig. 17.. -When the tegral,or the arm or lever may be described are slipped. into the boss orsleeve 159 at' opposite sides of the latter orfrom both sides of thecomplete device'and abuttcd at will extend ,to a point where it may bereadily accessible in the machine so that 7 h the shafts 158 .ma'ybepreliminarilyadjusted-'-for aipuraose which will be pres t-ionsofcontrollers or regulators which in themain embody two circular casings163 and164;each'of which hasan insulating Q-ringor' annu1us165 therein,as shown by 10 i cured to the inner inclosing disk or plate 1663which lsincluded within the organiza Fig. 15, preferably formedo'f fiber and.se-

-tion of the'casings 163 and 164, the said disk and ring or annulussupporting 'a plul5 rality of contacts 167 at the inner terminals o'fstems 168 of binding posts 169, the inner surfaces "of the'co'ntacts"167 being flush.

with the inner periphery of the ring or an- "nullus 165. All ofthe-contacts 167 are of "-equaljdimensions and haveexactly sim larportions thereof exposed for engagement "i iv-itlh 'eoii 'ierating meansforestablishi'ng av and the shoes 173, 174, 17 5 and 176 increase ssshoesmbeing yieldingly held in rotating engagement'with tlie innerperiphery of each ring :or annulus 165. The shoe 172 of each member ofthe regulator is the smallest,

in dimensions, said dimensions being predetermined in accordance withthe operation desired, and when. each shaft 158 is shifted by the meanshereinbefore ex,-

position to locate the shoes-173 to 176 rela ytively to the contacts 167to either energize the shoes 1'73 to176 I "shifted-or moved within themembers of,

plained, either automatically 4 or manually, thespiders 170 carrying thearm's'171 with t ereon are similarly the controllers or regulators inaccordance wvith'the load on the'turbine ormotor or to preliminarilyadjust the controllers or regulators to: bring each spider 170 in properor deenergize the magnets 133 bf the plun:

gers or pistons132, as shown by Fig 8, in accordance with the number ofCylIIId BIS 1 i 3 "andpistons 38 desired to beactive in .eaehorganization Aand B and whereby alltheshoes of one controller orregulator member may be thrown off or out of engagement :with relation.to the contacts 167 I thereofland'the shoes ofthe remaining regulatormember, thrown into engagement with their contacts 167, or to-arrangethe f or so shoes and contacts in each regulator memher so that aportion of the cylinders 25 and pistons 38 will be active or will besupplied with "charges of the. motive melium-in both organizations A andB through the energizing orde'e'nerglzmg of engage said contact.

the plunger or solenc id magnets The several shoes'will l'eeome ten gaged with! i and disengaged from their'contactsat different intervals ofti neproportionatelyto the dimensions of tie several shoes, the shoe1T6, whichis of maximum dimensions,

being the lastto bec ome disengaged from its contact and the first toenga e said;

contact; and the nex; shoe 175 of ess dimensions will move :0; and its.contact before the operation of disengagement and engagement of theprecedin shoef' 176- relatively to its contact has been of fe'cted, andso on thr )ugh the whole-series of shoeslto the shoe 172 of each groupof shoes, and which latter shoe "is of minimum dimensions The shoe 172of minimuln'd-iniensions will always be the first to become I disengagedfrom its cintact and-the last to.

Therefore, when the spiders 170 are shiited by governor or other actionit will be understood that the charges to the several cylinders 25 andpis tons 38 will be correspondingly regulated andv the entire turbi somaybe aj'usted either -nu-toumtically or manually relatively to thework.des1red (1' 1n accordance with thevariations of load onthe turbine'oi inotor and a portion-oi the electric circuits embodying the shoes 1nd 'contactsujust ex-' plained will bebroken and a portion of the saidcircuits remain continuousatinter;

vals. number in'the present instance andlare individually electricallyconnected by" suitable wires with the Electromagnets-133 as shown, sothat the plungers, pistons for solenoids 132- may be readily controlledthrough the operatiols of energizing and 'deenergizing the saidelectromagnetsfand as a consequence'the trunnions 123. and cylinders 118and 119 wiIl' be shifted either to throw the pistons 120 mt of activeposition relati-ve1y to; the. inner ends 76 of the piston rods 75, andthe pistons 121'into active po--j sition in relation'to tie inner endsofthe The binding 1209x9169v are piston rods.80; or vice versa, in viewof the factthat the circuits will be automatically variedv through theel actrical operation of the'parts just described; and 1tv will also" beunderstood that a Iartof the groupsor pairs of cylinders 1 18 and "119may be shifted or'all of each group of theorganizations A andB may besimultaneously shifted from one position to the. other to render thegroups of cylinders 25 and pisto'ns38 in the two onganizations activeorinactive as ex 'loding means or as-Ineans for supplying t e moti re.agent for delivery to the turbines or can sing the said cylinders andistons to be cooled down by admission '0? air thereto and to theadjacent turbine of eachorganization. The "controllers or regulatorsincluding the spiders and shoes with their contacts have an up .erationin all respects similar to that disorganization which is locatedadjacent to one of the regulator organizations, and by. this means thetwo regulator organizations are caused to simultaneously operate and.the shifting of the parts of one will affect the parts oi? the other sothat the active de vices of the two regulator organizations will causedto assume a proper position to e-l'i'ect the operation desired in thetwo organizatiims A and l. The timers are electrically connected .bywires 177 with the battery '\V, and the controllers or regulators areelectrically connected by wires 178 to the spiders 170 of thecontrollers or regulators, as shown particularly by Fig. 17. The posts168 of the contacts U37 of the controllers or regulators areelectrically com'iected by wires 1'29 th the magnets i 33, asparticularly Sl'U')WI1 by Fig. 8.

From the foregoing the operation will be understood, the motive agentbeing ad-- mitted alternately to the opposite groups of cylinders 25 andpistons or to portions of the cylinders and pistons 0t each group and inaccordance *ith the preliminary adjustment a certain number of eachgroup of cylinders and pistons may be supplied with the motive agentsimultaneously so that both power shafts 10'will be positively driven.When the motive agent is cut. off from each group as an entirety or froma portion of the units of each group, as the case may be, the cylinders25 and pistons 38 which are not being supplied with the motive agentwill then be receiving air and such. cylinders and pistons will becooled down and. likewise the portions of theturbines to which the airis regularly delivered from the charged cylinders and pistons. It willbe understood that the pistons 38 may have the motive agent explodedtherein at any point between the outer and inner iii-nits of theirstrokes and when each cylinder is charged with the motive agent thelatter is forced into the chamber 4.3 on the cult-stroke oi the pistonby reason of the fact that the valve will then be open, and as thepressure increases in the chamber by the comprw ion of the not've agenttherein. the Va... 53 will loo-moved outwardly toward a closing-positionor will be entirely closed when it reaches the outer li t of its stroke,and by such means all oi the motive agent retained. within the chamberiii of the piston and exposed through the tubular stem 5-4 to the sparlcing plugs 31 and exploded by thelatter at a predetermined interval, thecharge within the chamber 43 being fully burnt before the piston 38reaches a point of discharge or prior to the registration of the ports57 79 with the ports During the inward movement of each piston carryinga charge which is being burnt or subjected to combustion, the valve willremain closed, particularly in view of the pulling stress exerted on thetubular stem Set of said valve by the inward movement of the piston 38,and no leakage of the charge undergoing combustion in the chamber willcnsue, and this charge after combustion will be proruptly liberated. andpass through the ports 58 by way of the ports 5? to the turbine blades 7olfthe turbines (i at a tangent to said blades owing to the-formation ofthe guides 92 disposed in the enlarged outlet portions 86 of thechambers 85. The exhaust from the turbines rapidly passes 011' from thechainbers- 9S) t-lu'ough. the outlet 100 with the same advantageousoperation asexplaincd in my pending application aforesaid. The chargesof the motive agent as well as the air to the several cylinders 25 andpistons 38 will he encmiraged or induced by the suction up during theinward strokes of ders and pistonspt'resh charges thereof are rapidlybrought into engagement with the heated parts, and asa consequence thecylinders, pistons and turbines arerapidly cooled.

In the present invention the air and gas are taken in through a pistonvalve adjacent to the cylinder in each instance at the limit of theinstrolte of the piston, and on the outstroke of the piston the inlet orintake port closed by the piston. and piston valve. The outstroke of thepiston causes the charge of motive agent to be forced into thecombustion chamber in the piston and the valve having the long tubularstem filled with the motive agent under compression and in communicationwith the sparking plugs also closes. The sparking plugs and theenergizing magneto organization therefor together with governormechanism that 125 by efl'ect complete combustion of the motive 130 l 5tion chambers;

agent more itflis liberated aom the combastion chamber andpasses to theadjacent turbinethrou'gh the guide blades, asshown 11. In theconstruction shown by 'iending application 'hereinbefore rered to, themotive agent is taken in or ad-- ,of the'cylinders and is forced intothe combustion chamber of each ofthe pistons and ignited at'thc top ofthe cylinder by, means 6f a' side :zl'rrangement or entrance where'asmirk plug is eixposed to the'interior of the linder, and the charge isheld against the -lr yal've in the comlimstion chamber in a bv ingcondition throughout the instroke of" the lering as shown in my pendingappli' it [1. "file purpose of the present invenof cl'iarge and theobtainainceof the full [eiiifcir cy of'the motive agent would largely deile on'the piston speed, and if the piston was running at a low rate ofspeed a I large jimrccntage of heat would be lost befor the cmrnbust'ionchamberoutlet would register with theoutlet of the nozzlering. In thepresent invention ignition of the char hen the pistons are runnin at a'slow rate oi' spced, and farther and arther away as the ppeed Iincreases. .Furthermore, in my pie ding runs from one group of cylindersto the otheriby n'icans 'of an armature or aniza- .tion adjacent to theshaft, the shaft aving ank ,arms .at the, ends with link connec s to'anoscillating frame at each end of the motor.- These oscillating iramescarry I of the oscilhltingcylinders carried by each irame, said framebeing loosely mountedon 'a hub orpropzction of the mam caslngmy In thepresent improved invention all of tlilisilattermechanism has beeneliminated and is replaced by a much simpler organization which consistsof a set of-cylinders argers therein, these cylinders being providedeach, trunnion having a fixed .arm' ated to a HOlttl'lOlLl plunger orpiston 132 op ati'vely engaging an electromagnet133 sons to, give anoscillating movement to the a c linders as the clectromagnets areenercharge of the motive agent to the combusmtt'ed at the outer portionor top of each i on and which is .liable to'causel Jlo loss oi. heatfrom the motive lugfore the latter is liberated tothe to overcon'ic thisdifficulty. In thea y pending application the perfect combustion takesplace near the outlet port'sapplication an electromagnetic lntrolmechanism is shown, said mecha-v hism being disposed to oscillate andcontrolling the operation of a cross-shaft that.IEI451Seledtifllnagtldts with armatures on a pivoted.

olmerattached to a trunnlon that is a part ranged in pairs and havingpistons or plum pwith a trunnion passing through the cover plateat each,end'of the motor or turbine,

and deenergizcd for controlling the taneously.

. It is proposed to supply the turbine with i all necessarystructuralaccessories and dethis class.

general details of construction within the scope of the" invention. hatis claimed is: I a 1'. In a gas turl inc, .1 power generating turbineshaving separated groups of elements, distinct groups of cylinders havingl.

pistons therein and zo which charges of the motive agent are suppliedand undergo combustion for feed to the elements; of the turbines, andelectrically controlled means operative for alternately supplying andvices and as ordinarily useduin devices of a Moremer, 1t 1s "proposed,to modify the propoitlons, dlmensions and shutting off a nmtive' agentto and fronr the cylinders and pstons and. operative to deliver themotive a gent to all the unitsof each group of cylinders and pistons inalternation or to'portions of the units of each group sinmltalcously.

:2. In a gas turbim, power generating turand discharge the motive agenttothe1tur- 'binespcylinders and pistons arranged -in groups ad acent tovthe turbines to receive bines, and electrical y operated mechanism forcontrolllng the admission of the motive agent to the cylinder-sandpistons of each group in succession, or to a portion of saidcylindersand pistons in each group in alter nation, ,or to portiorsof-the cylinders and pistons of each groupsimultaneously in the groups.i

3. In a gas turbine, revolubly active t'urbines alternately ope ratingas power generlivering air to the c in ICtlYG: groups, mechanism beingalso ad uStab e to effect the simultaneous operation of portions of thecylinders and pistons in the two groups.

4'. '[n a gas turbine, the combination with ating means, groups ofcylinders and pistons independently cooperating with the turbines, andelectrically operated mechanism controlling the delivery of charges of(a motive agent in siccession to the cylinders fand operating to supplyand shut off .the motive agent to and from the groupsto "render onegroup active while the other is inactive and also'including means for.de-

i the said a cylinders and pistols, each cylinder" and operatingelectrically controlled devices 00: operating therewith, for alternatelysupplying and shutting off "a motive-agent to and from the same and forsupplying cooling air, thereto when the motive;

agent isshut ofitherofrom, the said devices being operative todeliverthe motive agent and air to all the cyinde rsgand pistonslofpiston of the group having automatically v each group in succession'orto only' a part of said cylinders and pis tonsof. each group, or toportions of the unit s of each group. simulrad 11-5 a power generatinglurbine, of a "group of a In a gas turbine, the combination of annclosiiig casing, a. power generating turbine within the casing, a groupof cylcontrolling the operation of the said feed inders and pistons inthe casing for operating on and discharging a motive agent to theturbine, mechanism consisting of feed controlling pistons and cylindersfor regulating the feed of the motive agent to the said first namedgroup of cylinders and pistons, and electrically actuated devices forcontrolling cylinders and pistons.

6. In a gas turbine, power generating turbines, two groups of cylindersindependently cooperating with the turbines and having pistons therein,devices for automatically supplying and shutting off a motive agent toand from the groups of cylinders and pistons in alternation andembodying feed controlling cylinders and pistons, and electricallyactuated mechanism for rendering the feed controlling cylinders andpistons operative as a whole in sequence i'ela tively to the groups ofcylinders and-pistons or for *ausing one or more of said feedingcylinders and pistons to be active as feeding means.

c 7. In a gas turbine, power generating turbines, groups of cylindersand pistons-iiidependently crkiperating with the turbines, andcorresponding groups of motive agent and air feed controlling pistonsand cylinders cooperating with the first named groups of cylinders andpistons and automatically supplying and shutting off the motive agentand air to and from the said first named groups of cylinders and pistonsin alternation, the feed controllingpistons and cylinders being arrangedin pairs and opening into distinct chambers individually common to eachpair. and also in communication with the first named cylinders.

S. In a'gas turbine, power generating turbines, groups of cylindersand-pistons in-. dependently operating to receive charges of a motiveagent and prepare the latter for discharge to thenturbines, andelectrically actuated means for automaticallv supplying and shuttin' oila motive agent or air to and from the groups of cylinders and pistons inalternation, the motive agent or air-being delivered to a common chamberdistinct with relation to and having communication with an intermediateportion of each cylinder. 1

9. In a gas turbine, power generating tar bines, groups of cylinders andpistons independently cooperating with the turbines, each cylinderhaving an intermediate. portion in communication with a distinctchamber. and devices arranged. to have communicationwith the saidchamber of each cylinder to alternately deliver charges of a motiveagent and air to the chamber and thence to the cylinder in communicationthene with. 10. In a gas turbine, power generating turbines, groupsofcylinders and-pistons in dependently cooperatii g with the turbines,each cylinder having a-distinct motive agent with an intermediateportion thereof, and devices for automatically and independentlydelivering a motive agent or air o the chambers and from the latter tothe groups I of cylinders in alternation.

11. In a. turbine, power generating turbines, groups of cylinders andpistons independently cooperating with the turbines, ai1- tonui'ticallyoperating means for alternately supplying and shutting off a. motiveagent to and from ,all of the-units of the groups of cylinders andpistons or only a part of the units of each group of the latter andguide means interposed between the cylinders and the turbines at theoutlets of the cylinders and embodyinga series of curved passagesconvergingtowa rd theiroutlets for tangentially directing the motiveagent as treatcd'liy the cylinders and pistons to the turbines tooperate the latter.

12. In. a. gas turbine, powergenerating turbines, groups of cylindersand pistons in dependently cooperating with the turbines, automaticallyoperating means for alter nately supplying and shutting oil" a motiveagent to and from the groups of cylinders and pistons, the pistonshaving combustion chambersprovided with outlet ports and tubular stemsand the cylinders having inlet and outlet ports, the charges beingstored and automatically held in the pistons after combustion until theoutlet ports of the combustion chambers register with the outlet portsof thecylinders, and guides interposed between the cylinders and theturbines at the outlets of the cylinders and embodying a plurality ofblades disposed at an angleto the turbines and defining convergingpassages for tangentially directing the motive agent as treated by thecylinders and pistons to the turbines to operate the latter.

13. In a gas turbine, power generating turbines. groups of cylinders"and pistons indepen lently cotiperating with the turbines, the cyliners having inlet and outlet ports and the pistons-having combustionchambers with automatically operating closing valves and outlet ports toregister with the outlet 7 ports of the cylinders, the pistonsalso'being provided with tubular stems, automatically operating meansfor alternately supplying and shutting 011: a motive agent to and fromthe groups of cylinders and combustion chambers of the pistons, ignitionmeans exposed to the combustion chambers through the said stems, andguides interposed between the cylinders and the turbines at the 70 andair feeding chamber in coinmuilication

